Role of FGF-2／FGFR signaling pathway in cancer and its signification in breast cancer

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is a member of a large family of proteins that bind heparin and heparan sulfate and modulate the function of a wide range of cell types. It has been proved that FGF-2 stimulates the growth and development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) that contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases (i.e. cancer, atherosclerosis). However, many of the biological activities of FGF-2 have been found to depend on its receptor抯 intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and second messengers such as the mitogen activated protein kinases. This review will focus on the mechanism of FGF-2/FGFR induced signaling pathway in tumor and human breast cancer.     

The Ras family of GTPases in cancer cell invasion

The ability of tumoral cells to invade surrounding tissues is a prerequisite for metastasis. This is the most life-threatening event of tumor progression, and so research is intensely focused on elucidating the mechanisms responsible for invasion and metastasis. The Ras superfamily of GTPases comprises several subfamilies of small GTP-binding proteins whose functions include the control of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as cytoskeleton organization. The development of metastasis is a multistep process that requires coordinated activation of proliferation, motility, changes in normal cell-to-cell and cell-to-substrate contacts, degradation of extracellular matrix, inhibition of apoptosis, and adaptation to an inappropriate tissue environment. Several members of the Ras superfamily of proteins have been implicated in these processes. The present review summarizes the current knowledge in this field.     

自体肝癌细胞裂解物致敏的树突状细胞诱导抗肝癌免疫的体外研究

从术后肝癌病人的外周血中诱导树突状细胞（DC），并经自体肝癌细胞裂解物致敏DC，用流式细胞仪、^3H-TdR掺入法及MTT法检测了DC表面分子的表达、DC刺激T细胞的增殖效应及DC诱导的T细胞对肝癌细胞的杀伤作用，进而比较经自体肝癌细胞裂解物致敏的DC与其它条件下的DC功能的差异．结果显示：肝癌细胞裂解物致敏DC的功能较未致敏DC显著提高，其可诱导自体混合淋巴细胞强的增殖效应，同时诱导的T细胞对自体肝癌细胞有较强的杀伤率．     

中药复方“通脉口服液”治疗慢性肾炎气虚血瘀证的临床研究

目的观察通脉口服液对慢性肾炎气虚血瘀证患者血清肾纤三项及症状、体征的影响。方法60例中医辨证为气虚血瘀的慢性肾炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。治疗组采用常规西医降压、抗凝、降脂等对症治疗；治疗组在常规西医治疗的基础上加用通脉口服液，治疗3个月后测定两组患者血清肾纤三项指标，观察其临床症状的改善程度。结果两组均可在一定程度上降低肾纤三项的水平，改善临床症状和体征。两组相比较，治疗组作用更为明显。且差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论通脉口服液可有效地减轻慢性肾炎气虚血瘀证患者肾纤维化的程度。     

英语口语课堂话语的研究——一份实证调查报告

采用课堂录音和问卷调查的研究方法,对英语专业一、二年级口语课堂话语进行了收集整理。通过对教师和学生各自的话语量,师生话语的句子类型,课堂提问等方面进行系统分析,研究目前英语口语课堂话语的特征及存在的问题,以期对我国英语专业的口语教学提供一些参考。     

原发性肝癌介入治疗的护理

目的:明确原发性肝癌介入治疗护理经验及注意事项.方法:回顾性分析2004年~2005年我院所收治的42例原发性肝癌患者的临床资料.结果:经皮经导管肝动脉栓塞术前后,由于精神因素、体质差异、化疗药物等的作用,患者都有不同程度紧张、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、发热等症状.结论:通过正确的术前、术中及术后的护理,可以使肝癌介入治疗顺利进行,减少副作用,提高疗效.     

Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles： Preparation and application in drub carrier

Dialdehyde starch nanoparticles (DASNP) were prepared by the redox reaction of NaIO4 and starch in water-in-oil microemulsion. IR spectrum showed that DASNP had aldehyde groups, and quantitative alkali consumption showed that its dialdehyde content was about (50±5)%. The average diameter of DASNP determined by SEM was about 100 nm. TGA-DTA showed that its thermal stability was better than starch nanoparticle (StNP) and dialdehyde starch (DAS). Its low biological toxicity was detected by cell experiment. Also the best mass ratio of doxorubicin (DOX) to combined DASNP detected by UV-VIS was 15 : 1, and the product was effective for controlled release of DOX. The cell experiment showed that the drug-carrier particle (DOX-DASNP) can release DOX for a long time and strengthened the effect of the anticancer drug. This work demonstrates that the DASNP, which has good thermal stability, small particle size, low biological toxicity, and slowly anticancer drug-releasing to strengthen drug effect, is a potentially useful carrier for anticancer drug.     

空间环境对细胞基因表达的影响

空间环境不同于地球表面的任何环境,它强烈的空间辐射、高真空、微磁场以及航天器中的微重力等特殊环境对生物的影响都是人们目前正在探索的领域。空间辐射、微重力通过多种途径影响细胞的基因表达。对空间环境影响肿瘤细胞生物学性状发生改变机制的探讨有助于更深刻地认识肿瘤的发生发展,为攻克肿瘤提供新的思路和方法。     

Eph受体家族和Ephrin-A5在NSCLCs中上调表达及其临床意义(英)

采用荧光实时定量PCR的方法在48个非小细胞肺癌组织以及配对的正常肺组织中检测Eph/ephrin 基因的mRNA水平.发现肺癌组织中EphB4, EphB3 和 ephrin-A5的表达水平与配对的正常肺组织相比分别上调了60%，81%和65%,并具有显著的统计学差异. 而且，统计学分析发现ephrin-A5的表达水平与肿瘤分型、转移、性别、吸烟以及诊断年龄等临床病理学参数之间存在显著的相关性.此外，EphA2的表达水平与肿瘤大小、家族遗传史以及诊断年龄之间也存在显著的相关性.总之，这些结果提示EphB4, EphA2, EphB3 和ephrin-A5 在肺癌的发生和发展过程中可能以一种单独或者协同的形式发挥作用.这些蛋白有可能成为研究和诊断肺癌的重要靶向基因.